Actual Yield Definition (Chemistry)

Essay on Mass Media and Pop Culture - 1275 Words

Mass Media and Popular American Culture Mass Media and Popular American Culture Group Paper There are many different factors that make up our culture today. Mass media is a creator of our culture today. Relationships between media, advertising and the formation of normative cultural values are all contributors to our culture today. The internet and globalization have also played a huge role in our culture; all of which have their own meanings, but ultimately build our culture. Mass media is a plays a big part in the enculturation of society. Humans have always lived in a world of communication. Media dominates and demands people’s attention. One real life example of the impact media has had on our culture is the 1963 Kennedy†¦show more content†¦The broadcastings primarily focused on middle class 2 parent families, even though back then most middle class families didn’t own a TV. Now you can go into the poorest family’s house and find a TV.. Mass media is a permanent part of modern culture. The Culturalist theory, developed in the 1980s and 1990s, combines the other two theories and claims that people interact with media to create their own meanings out of the images and messages they receive. Culturalist theorists claim that, while a few elite in large corporations may exert significant control over what information media produces and distributes, personal perspective plays a more powerful role in how the audience members i nterpret those messages. Relationships between media advertising and the formation of normative cultural values have a big impact on how we view our culture today. The news television shows print ads and radio advertising shape our culture. Television advertising and even the sitcoms we watch promote our normative cultural values. The ads tell us what is cool and good and they tell us that the famous actors we look up to feel that these products are important. In the shows on TV we see all the actors are using these products we feel are important. Even the news ands up showing us these products when we see the live shots of the murder scene we see the McDonalds in the background, or the car chase ends when the drunk crashes into Blockbuster. The music videos showShow MoreRelatedThe Movement Of Pop Art991 Words   |  4 Pages The term ‘Pop Arts ‘was innovated in the mid-1950s and early 1960 s. Undoubtedly, the god father of this movement is Andy Warhol – the biggest influence on humanity s fixation on visual art. His performance traverses the connection among aesthetic utterance, culture and commercial. By applying various ways of techniques which included silk screen process (for mass production) and colour settlement, Warhol showed to the world of art his perspectives on media, economic s and politics. Thus, thisRead MoreA Short Note On Pop Music And Its Effects On Popular Culture932 Words   |  4 Pagesproducts such as music like Gangnam Style as well as film and other audio-visual media content through online social media community networks. Jung Shim (2014, pp.485) illustrate that following Psy’s global success, other Korean pop music or K-Pop, have become one of the most vigorously distributed forms of pop culture globally, through its distribution via social networks. Hogarth (2013, pp.144) illustrates how K-Pop entertainment agencies have recognised the Internet as an important means of spreadingRead MoreJoe Tilsons Nine Elements1565 Words   |  7 PagesA visually engulfing and diverse piece, Joe Tilson’s Nine Elements uses a wooden relief with acrylic, pearl and candy paint, to represent those elements that make up mass media pop culture. Tilson uses defined iconography that visually absorbs the viewer through its differentiation within th e symmetrically structured borders of the wooden relief. It is a piece that allows the observer freedom to use the representative symbols of senses and concepts present in our every day life to take their ownRead MorePostmodern Art in Andy Warhol ´s Silvier Liz as Cleopatra1194 Words   |  5 Pagesin history for being an influential and unique representation of various cultures and religions as well as playing a fundamental role in society. However, with the new era of postmodernism, art slowly deviated away from both the religious context it was originally created in, and apart from serving as a ritual function. Walter Benjamin, a German literary critic and philosopher during the 1900’s, strongly believed that the mass production of pieces has freed art from the boundaries of tradition, â€Å"ForRead MoreAndrew Warhola was born in 1928, in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. He majored in pictorial design at the1100 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as a leading figure in the visual ar t movement in pop art. He explored the relationships between artistic expressions, commercial advertisement, and celebrity culture in the 1960s and beyond. His views on American culture ad unique artistic expressions of the style of art had a great impact on American society by brining society’s obsession with mass culture and expanding mass media in America. Andy Warhol, the founding father of the pop arts’, created a movement that began in the late 50’sRead MoreEstablishing a popular culture or becoming a celebrity has been a desire of many. The rewards in1200 Words   |  5 PagesEstablishing a popular culture or becoming a celebrity has been a desire of many. The rewards in this life are the admiration and esteem of others, and the punishments in this life are contempt and neglect. In fact, the desire for the esteem of others is as real a want of nature as hunger, while the contempt and neglect of the world are as severe as a pain. The story of how Apple invented the wireless business has been told by many people, numerous times. The first iPhone that was shown off by SteveRead MoreAnalysis Of Adorno And Horkheimer : Fact, Fiction, Or A Little Of Both?1332 Words   |  6 PagesBoth? â€Å"The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception† by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer is a pivotal article in history that changed the way in which many communications scholars viewed media. Both authors were members of the Frankfurt School, a school of thought which looked further into Karl Marx’s theories about capitalism and the issues of mass production. Published in 1944, Adorno and Horkheimer revealed their beliefs that the media, much like the economy, is becoming mass producedRead MoreConsumerism And Consumerism1315 Words   |  6 PagesRichard Hamilton, the pioneer of pop art, could recognize the powerful influence of the popular culture, consumption trend and the media. His artworks successfully captured such recognition and led the innovation of the visual image. After the devastating effect of World War II, American pop art introduced to Europe nations and it became their part of European postwar culture. After the fall of the Feudalism, the capitalist mode of production was introduced in many European countries. The countriesRead MoreIntroduction to Popular American Culture1069 Words   |  5 PagesPopular American Culture University of Phoenix Soc/105 Introduction to Popular American Culture MU10ELC07 Ernest Hernandez Ph.D. August 3, 2010 Popular American Culture American pop culture is an every day part of life. Society dictates how people need to be to be accepted by others. American pop culture dictates who we are, it is our attitudes habits and actions; it is generations of handed down customs and practices (Wilson, 2001). Popular Culture Inventory The mass circulation of itemsRead MoreRun DMC and the Commodification of Subcultures998 Words   |  4 Pagesunderground phenomenon to a genre recognised as mainstream and an asoect of pop-culture. Run-D.M.C produced the first rap album to go tripple platinum and the first rap song to be featured on the 24 hour music channel, MTV. The group became increasingly popular throughout the 190s and because of this, the style of the subculture they represented was sold to the mainstream not only through Music, but other forms of Media. The Album Raising Hell released in 1986 is an important album to discuss

Ethical and Unethical Leadership Plan

Question: Discuss about the Ethical and Unethical Leadership Plan. Answer: Introduction: From my experiences leaders are often inconstant in their communications and in their actions. These inconsistencies are truly noted from the followers thus dampening the morale of followers leading to lower efficacy and effectiveness that often spreads ramped throughout the organizational culture as a whole. Senior leadership often takes a top down approach that oftenmisses the small details that can make a huge difference in the operations of an organization where the tasks are being completed (Pecukonis, 2014). Therefore, it is important that the leaders should have a personal development plan. There are various improvement areas that leaders can focus on. In this personal leadership plan I would focus on value based leadership, teamwork and ethics. A values-based leader uses strong ethics and morals to lead and leading by example in a way that encourages the entire organization to follow suit. Open communication is a key component to making it all work. It would be correct to say that leader sets the tone for his or her organization and isthe one on which the reputation of the organization hinges with both internaland external stakeholders (Talan, 2014). In short, Ithink that values-based leadership starts at the top and that it filters downto middle management and rank-and-file employees. Oftentimes, there is a disconnect between the activities of the leader and the intentions of the leader. Leaders sometimes become overwhelmed with the activities and results to step back and recall why they do what they do. The second important dimension of the leadership model is ethics. Daft, (2015) explains that an organizations board that handles unethical behavior is top executives of the organization that form an ethics committee. This ethics committee has the responsibility to oversee the function of ethics in the organization (Daft, 2015). They provide rulings of wrong behavior and in the event leaders are unethical they determine the disciplinary action that should be given to correct the wrongdoing. Even though the organization is profitable, unethical leaders must still be corrected to preserve the ethics and moral standing of the organization at large (Brown Mitchell, 2010). By doing so, this can ensure that the organization remains profitable and stay out of harms way of negative attention of the public and lawsuits that can occur because of unethical activity within the organization. Brown and Mitchell, (2010) also share that unethical leaders can bring out a dark side of organizations. T his is because unethical leadership can cause organizational behaviors to shift to a negative light. This then changes the emotion, fit, and identification of the organization (Brown Mitchell, 2010). This causes harm to the organization being that what leaders are seen followers will then portray doing. Therefore, the ethics committee must enforce proper ethics in the organization to safeguard the organization. It is often too easy to follow the leader in organizations. DuBois (2012) reminded us that doing the right thing is not easy but there are ways to address unethical leadership and righting the ship. DuBois (2012) pointed out that not getting involved with unethical leaders is the first step to protecting yourself but she suggested that if you are involved because of your position bringing to light is not an option. Forcing strict internal policies is a way to weed out unethical behavior. This model suggests that When leaders become unethical, it is the responsibility of the organizational board and ethical committee, if applicable, to get involved. If the leader is acting in an unethical manner but the company is profitable, there will appear to be an ethical dilemma. On one side, the leader is unethical and has avoided the ethical standards of the organization. However, the company is remaining profitable, despite his or her actions. The organizational board must enforce the ethical standards through disciplinary actions of leaders who are unethical. Pascual-Ezama, et al. (2015) stated that unethical behavior could be influence by peer effect, incentives and supervision. If leaders are unethical, their behaviors can carry on to the followers, which can lead to an unethical organization. The third important dimension of my leadership model is teamwork or support from employees. As Plucknette (2014) discusses, leaders tend to invite discussion and debate. This can be an issue for a leader-focused individual because many managers look down upon these qualities and see opposition as insubordination. Conversely, the attitude of many manager-focused individuals is that what they say is law and the final word. This type of managing can inhibit the growth of trust and respect for the manager by the employee(s) (Plucknette, 2014). Leaders may be better set to organize and lead whereas managers may be better at planning and controlling. It is the leader/manager who can meld the two that will be an effective leader.It is important that the leaders must follow on all the three dimensions of this leadership development model. In addition to the three core values or the core dimension of the leadership development model, the model would also have support or non-core attributes. T he core and the Core Values Support/ Non Core Values Value Based Leadership Communication Ethics Collaboration Teamwork Vision The three dimension of my leadership development model can be depicted as: The application of the above leadership model would enable the organization to develop leaders from managers. A managers primary challenge is to solve problems creatively. Managers will analyze, delegate, organize and control which to some people may seem to be a know it best attitude. Managers are more concerned of end results. Leaders approach situations with the attitude that no one person knows it best so they a leader will do something, fix it, try it, change it and do it all over again and are more concerned with satisfaction whether for employees or customers (Graham, 2014). Leaders see people as critical resources to be developed, and this in turn will help the organization to achieve process innovation. Managers view people as an exploitable resource. I think the challenges are accountability; leaders tend to emphasize on mutual accountability as opposed to managers who emphasize on individual accountability. The greatest challenge, according to Clarke (2013) regarding operationalizing strategy of teamwork is because operationalizing has to connect the strategy and its execution within the company. This step is most important and the art of doing it requires finesse and mixes strategic planning and program management. These skills require a different set of skills and discipline than the planning phase. One must understand the strategy, goals and the initiatives they represent. Next, is to group initiatives into programs that are goal-aligned. Mapping the initiatives in terms of impact on the company is next and who will execute. Individuals need to be accountability, which requires clarity of roles and responsibilities relative to the goals. The executor must have the understanding of the innovation in order to execute the plan along with sufficient incentive. The biggest challenge of teamwork is in multicultural environment. The biggest challenge of working with a cross-functional team is to accommodate everyones perspective. Each person or function has a view of the problem and solutions that is based on their vantage point, concerns, and presuppositions. To meet the overall mission of the organization all of this must be weighed out and the best way forward should become clear (Daft, 2013). The purpose of utilizing a cross functional team is the assumption that a small group can accomplish more than an individual based on skills, accountability and commitment. There are a variety of reasons this type of approach could be utilized; overcoming the limits of a hierarchal struggle, improving the quality of decision making, increasing organizational flexibility, and increasing organizational productivity. The application of this leadership model is beneficial not only my personal development but also for the department or group development and the organizational development. As a conclusion, I would like to say that communication and collaboration is the key to implement this model in organizations. Collaborating in the workplace is essential unless you are a super hero with all knowing powers. Working collaboratively sometimes is smooth from the beginning and sometimes it takes a while for each participant to feel like they have an equal voice in the process. Cross-functional teams have been described as team comprised of employees with similar ranked positions within a company (Daft, 2014). It is important that my leadership development model should be implemented with a long-term vision. This model should be implemented as a top-down approach. The senior leadership should communicate about the benefits of this leadership model to different managers in the organization. I think your idea about having meetings and regular communications with the other managers makes a lot of sense. It seems like such a logical solution for the lack of communication. Sometimes those solutions are the ones that are overlooked in the middle of chaos. The above leadership model would address the issue of communication and ensure that the leaders can follow on the core values. References Bliss, D.L., Pecukonis, E. and Snyder-Vogel, M., 2014. Principled Leadership Development Model for Aspiring Social Work Managers and Administrators: Development and Application.Human Services Organizations Management, Leadership Governance,38(1), pp.5-15. Brown, M. E., Mitchell, M. S. (2010). Ethical and Unethical Leadership: Exploring New Avenues for Future Research.Business Ethics Quarterly,20(4), 583-616. Clarke, N., 2013. Model of complexity leadership development.Human Resource Development International,16(2), pp.135-150. Daft, R. L. (2015).Organization theory and design(12th ed.) Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Gifford, W., Graham, I., Eldh, A.C. and Lefebre, N., 2014. Theoretical foundations of dissemination and implementation leadership: a conceptual model for leadership development. InThe 7th Annual Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 8-9 Dec, 2014. Lepsinger, R., DeRosa, D. (2015). How to Lead an Effective Virtual Team. Ivey Business Journal, 2-6. Pascual-Ezama, D., Dunfield, D., Gil-Gmez de Lia, B., (2015) Organizations Board. Prince Hall. Plucknette, D. (2014). 4 differences between managers and leaders.Plant Engineering,68(10), 16-18. Talan, T.N., Bloom, P.J. and Kelton, R.E., 2014. Building the Leadership Capacity of Early Childhood Directors: An Evaluation of a Leadership Development Model.Early Childhood Research Practice,16(1), p.n1.

Life Is a Journey free essay sample

Life is a Journey Life Is a Journey of many trips to many destinations. We are travelers moving from one destination to another: exploring, experiencing, and collecting memories. It does not matter how long your journey has been or how far you have gone. At the end of your journey, all that matters is how much you have experienced and enjoyed. We cant choose where our first destination begins and where It ends, but we do have the freedom to choose which destination to head to next. Dont waste your freedom; use It wisely to make the right choices.One day you may find that you have mistakenly come to a wrong destination. You can choose to complain and stay miserable or to pack and head to a new destination. You cant restart an old trip, but you can always start a new one that leads you to a brand new destination. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Is a Journey or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When heading to a new destination, leave behind all the negatively accumulated from previous trips. Only pack with you the good memories along with gratitude, thankfulness, forgiveness, kindness, love, wisdom and hope. Pack lightly and only pack what will empower and not burden your future journey.Sometimes it may take longer than you have planed to get to your destination, and sometimes you may never even reach it. However, the experience gained during the trip Is more valuable than the excitement of reaching that destination. There may be adventures and surprises on your journey, but be grateful that you have survived. Your Journey might be too boring without them. There may be times when your body becomes so weak that you feel as though you can hardly carry on your Journey any more. Then Its time to slow down; your body needs a rest.Listen to your body, listen to what It needs In order to better function, ND give it the best conditions to kick off its powerful self-healing capabilities. Staying healthy is most important in order to enjoy your Journey. There may be times when your mind becomes so depressed that you cant find Joy on your Journey anymore. Then its time to take a break; your mind needs to restore peace. Have a deep conversation with your heart and soul What really makes you unhappy? Am I doing anything wrong? Am I going In the wrong deletion?Am I pushing you too hard? Am I making you worry too much? Am I still carrying the emotional baggage of pain from the past? Am I punishing you due to the mistakes of others? Make adjustments to the things that you can change, let go of the things that cant be changed. And accept the things that you have absolutely no control over. Staying In harmony with God, with your world, and with yourself Is the key to having a happy Journey. We should be thankful for their companion but not completely rely on them for the happiness on your Journey.You are fully responsible for finding Joy on your own Journey. Try to be a good companion to people around you, a blessing on their journeys. Everyones Journey is different. Try to understand their needs and halogens on their Journeys, and give as much support as you can to make their journey smoother and more pleasant. Sometimes you may have to walk alone during certain periods of your Journey. Dont feel lonely; you might not notice that you always have 3 invisible companies no matter where you are God, nature and your inner self.Talk to them often, listen to their voices, get to know them well, and build a good relationship with them. They will give you the advice, guidance, and wisdom you need to go through your Journey. Your childhood Journey might not be as pleasant as you have wished. However, if you darted your Journey with good health, a roof over your head, free of emotional or physical abuse, and given opportunities for a good education, you already have a better start than many many others. Be grateful for having survived the only part of your Journey that is completely out of your control. Lifes Journey is also much like a Journey on a mountain. No ones Journey can always stay at the peak of the mountain; everyone has his turn to go through his valleys. When you are going through yours, dont complain about it. Take it as an opportunity to build strength, to grow, and to become more humble and compassionate. Give advices to those who are behind you and lend a hand to those who are below you. After all, life is Just a Journey. We are only travelers, not permanent residents on this planet. Keep the spirit of a traveler letting the Joy of exploring and the excitement from discovering overshadow the overhead of traveling. Gain or loss, success or failure, are all experiences on your life Journey. Money is Just a resource, not the ultimate goal for your Journey. The house we live in is Just like a hotel, and the car we drive is like a rental car. A nice hotel and a luxury rental car can make your Journey ore comfortable, but they are not the purpose of your Journey.At the end of your life Journey, what really matters are how many beautiful things you have experienced, how many happy memories you have collected, and how many people have enjoyed your company in their Journeys. The world is abundant, and life is rich. Be thankful that you are given a chance to have a Journey on this world. Dont waste it; this is a one-time opportunity. Appreciate it, plan well, and enjoy it much. If you have not enjoyed your past Journey yet, its never too late to start to enjoy whats left of it. Enjoy your Journey, and help others to enjoy theirs!

10 Career Lessons You Should Learn in Your 20s

10 Career Lessons You Should Learn in Your 20s Every hiring manager is looking for something different- a unique combination of experience and skills. But there are also a few universal skills and values you should always work to keep sharp. Everyone, no matter what place on the job hierarchy, should check in once in a while to  dig deep and  ask yourself  if you’re working at the top of your personal game.Here are 10 of the top lessons working in the current landscape should teach you. Learn them now, and use them to keep your skills sharp and updated.1. Networking MattersYou may hate social media- and hate small talk even more- but social networks are proven to be a crucial factor in professional success. Put some time and effort into broadening yours. Stand by the proverbial water cooler, even if you hate it. And cultivate as wide and diverse a network as you can.2. Keep LearningThe second you decide you’re done learning, or know enough, is probably the second you become obsolete in your industry and in tod ay’s economy. Don’t be left behind. Be the old dog that learns new tricks, acquires new skills, reads up on all the current trends. Even if it weren’t important for success, your life will still be richer for it.3. Failure is ProductiveDon’t give up next time you fail. Think of each failure as an opportunity, or a beginning. What can you learn or improve for next time. What can you try differently? Build up the dusting-yourself-off muscle.4. Teamwork is DreamworkMost potential bosses are going to want you to demonstrate that you can be a team player. Make sure to build the ability to manage others, to delegate, and to build positive working relationships with your colleagues that help you all do your best work and achieve your loftiest goals.5. Organization  is KeyYou won’t get very far if your desk is buried under a pile of messy papers and your time management skills are nonexistent. Start working on prioritizing, systematizing, and setting you rself up to get things done in a timely and tidy fashion. Demonstrate that you can meet deadlines without sacrificing the quality of your work.6. Practice Awareness/AcumenThis is something you can beef up anytime, and might just prove invaluable. Learn what makes a company or industry tick, what works and doesn’t. What are the newest trends, the deepest seated problems? If you can show that you really get what a company is trying to do and achieve, then you’re halfway to getting hired.7. Cultivate IntegrityDon’t be petty or dishonest. Be fair and responsible in all of your dealings and activities. This is seen as a sign of maturity, self-confidence, and trustworthiness and that’s worth a lot in the hiring process.8. Problem SolveYou’ll need this skill throughout your life, not just on the job. But do find a way to demonstrate to hirers that you can attack a problem, find a solution, and get it done. Prove that you can go the extra distance, every t ime.9. Be AwareDiversity is a hugely important issue in the workplace. You should be as sensitive as possible and as aware as possible of other people and other cultures- and be prepared to demonstrate this in your job search. No excuses for ignorance or intolerance.10. Be Open to Trying New ThingsMake sure you have a willingness to try things different ways, to work alone or on a team, to work remotely, work in an office, to work on multiple things at once. Adaptability is a valuable skill that will serve you both on the job and in your life.

Examples of Radiation (and Whats Not Radiation)

Examples of Radiation (and What's Not Radiation) Radiation is the emission and propagation of energy. A substance does not need to be radioactive in order to emit radiation because radiation encompasses all forms of energy, not just those produced by radioactive decay. However, all radioactive materials do emit radiation. Key Takeaways: Radiation Examples Radiation is emitted whenever energy is propagated.A substance does not need to be radioactive to emit radiation.Not all isotopes of element emit radiation.Common examples of radiation include light, heat, and alpha particles. Radiation Examples Here are some examples of different types of radiation: ultraviolet light from the sunheat from a stove burnervisible light from a candlex-rays from an x-ray machinealpha particles emitted from the radioactive decay of uraniumsound waves from your stereomicrowaves from a microwave ovenelectromagnetic radiation from your cell phoneultraviolet light from a black lightbeta particle radiation from a sample of strontium-90gamma radiation from a supernovamicrowave radiation from your wifi routerradio wavesa laser beam As you can see, most of the examples on this list are examples from the electromagnetic spectrum, but the energy source doesnt need to be light or magnetism to qualify as radiation. Sound, after all, is a different form of energy. Alpha particles are moving, energetic helium nuclei (particles). Examples of Things That Are Not Radiation Its important to realize isotopes are not always radioactive. For example deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen that is not radioactive. A glass of heavy water at room temperature does not emit radiation. (A warm glass of heavy water emits radiation as heat.) A more technical example has to do with the definition of radiation. An energy source may be capable of emitting radiation, but if the energy doesnt propagate outward, its not radiating. Take, for example, a magnetic field. If you hook up a coil of wire to a battery and form an electromagnet, the magnetic field it generates (actually an electromagnetic field) is a form a radiation. However, the magnetic field surrounding the Earth is not typically considered radiation because its not detached or propagating outward off into space. Source Kwan-Hoong Ng (October 2003). Non-Ionizing Radiations – Sources, Biological Effects, Emissions and Exposures (PDF). Proceedings of the International Conference on Non-Ionizing Radiation at UNITEN ICNIR2003 Electromagnetic Fields and Our Health.

Describe Joe leap horn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Describe Joe leap horn - Essay Example Thatcher came to Joe’s aid by seeking his help in investigating a heinous crime. Joe agrees to live the house and accompany Thatcher for the investigation. The chapter presents Joe Leaphorn as a complex character who accommodates the Navajo traditions and the western thinking. Joe studied at assimilationist schools where he specialized in cultural anthropology though he did not like it (Hillerman 68). He dropped his academic pursuit and joined Navajo Tribal Police to be close to his wife, Emma. He lacked a deep connection with Anasazi culture and adopted the western way of thinking. However, he respected the Navajo rituals and the society had immense respect for him. Apparently, the balance between respect for traditions and modernity depicts Joe as a fascinating character. The chapter presents Joe as an intuitive and dedicated cop who knew the terrain very well thus becoming significant in criminal investigations. Indeed, the chapter ends by showing how Joe Leap Horn succeede d in unearthing the mystery behind the Houk

I will upload picture for you Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

I will upload picture for you - Research Paper Example Though this theme gets strongly adopted in the play, it gets significantly mocked when every marriage faces a crisis that reduces the intensity of the phrase ‘an ideal husband’. In the beginning, Lady Chiltern brings out a marital life on worship; bringing out her husband as the ideal one both in public and private life. Sir Robert Chiltern gets painted in the beginning as a perfect gentleman and a brilliant politician (Wilde 14). He is the ideal husband for Lady Chiltern. Their marriage gets widely envied until Mrs. Cheveley appears with an intention to reveal a dark secret from Chiltern’s past. Mrs. Cheveley uses the secret she knows about Sir. Robert to try and blackmail him into supporting a fraudulent scheme and the theme of blackmail comes in early in the play. It threatens the marriage and the ideal husband as Sir. Robert agrees to do as Mrs. Cheveley wants, but also wants to please her wife who is not in agreement with the idea due to her moral inflexibili ty (Wilde 19). For Lady Chiltern, all that matters is having an ideal husband. She insists on having a model spouse that she can worship. For this matter, it is her sole priority that Sir Robert remains impeccably clean in all his decisions. This brings out the theme of hypocrisy as Lady Chiltern believes that only her husband and his deeds can ruin the image of their marriage and not her. Sir Robert succumbs to the lady’s wishes and seals his doom. The scandal begins at this point as now his secret that he so wishes to conceal gets revealed (Williams 2). Sir Robert decides to turn to his long time friend Sir Goring who apparently once got engaged to Mrs. Cheveley, but is currently the most eligible bachelor in town (Wilde 49). This also brings out a picture of the ideal husband but the picture does not last long as he soon gets caught up in a spin of lies, temptations and secret liaisons. As the play progresses, Lady Chilterns love comes out as unreasonable. This happens onc e Sir Roberts’ secret sin gets revealed by Mrs. Cheveley to his wife. When this secret gets revealed, the theme of hypocrisy comes out clear. This is the hypocrisy of the love that Lady Chiltern apparently had for Sir Robert. She refuses to accept the Sir Robert that has become unmasked. Lady Chiltern refuses to forgive her husband and denounces him. This is the height of hypocrisy in the play because originally the bond between the two got marked as unbreakable (Wilde 71). As all this unfolds, the theme of political corruption gets clearly outlined. It is the genesis of all Sir Roberts problems. This is because the scandal that he gets webbed in is a political scandal. Mrs. Cheveley’s mentor, Baron Arnheim who passed on, convinced Sir Robert numerous years ago and sold him a cabinet secret (Wilde 39). The secret suggested that he buy stocks in the Suez Canal a few days before the British government announced its intent to purchase the same stocks. Sir Robert had made his immense fortune with this illicit money, and Mrs. Cheveley had the evidence in a letter to prove his crime. Political corruption also comes out clearly when Mrs. Cheveley attempts to use this knowledge to blackmail Sir Robert into supporting the scheme to build a canal in Argentina (Wilde 26). Wilde clearly brings out that there is no one who is ideal in this play. Everyone is after some personal gain. Wilde carries through the theme of betrayal when Sir Robert

Defining Race and Ethnicity Essay Example for Free

Defining Race and Ethnicity Essay The term â€Å"race† means to me a group of people with the similar backgrounds and cultures. Race can also be defined as a species of people. Society defines race as the color of your skin but this is a myth. Race is more than the color of your skin; it is your lineage and heritage. It is who you are. The term â€Å"ethnic† means belonging to races or nations based on distinctions of race or ethnological. Ethnic is when you relate to a sizable group of people and share a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage. When I hear the word ethnic, I associate it with the race of black people. I’m not sure why but somewhere in my life, this was instilled in my mind. I have read somewhere that this word means heathens. I don’t agree with this analogy of the word but society has labeled this word to mean something bad. Ethnic has also been defined as a group of people who denounce Christianity. These concepts are important in today’s society because of the issues of racism and prejudice. People should not be classified by the color of their skin but by their citizenships. All people that were born in America should be classified as Americans alone, not White, Blacks, Latinos, Mexicans. These terms border on the issue of prejudice and racism. This is a very touchy subject and one has to be careful not to offend anyone when addressing these issues. It is important that when people are classified by race, that the proper terms are use when identifying these groups. Some black people prefer to be called â€Å"African Americans† rather than black and vice versus. Prejudice is a big issue in our nation and needs to be overcome. No one wants to be discriminated against no matter what their race or ethnic background is.

Critos Argument Essay -- essays research papers

The purpose of "Crito" seems intended to exhibit the character of Socrates in one light only, not as the philosopher, fulfilling a divine mission and trusting in the will of Heaven, but simply as the good citizen, who, having been unjustly condemned is willing to give up his life in obedience to the laws of the State. The main argument that seems to entail the discussion between Crito and Socrates is the opinion of the majority on Socrates’ fate. In the "Crito" Socrates states, "Why should we care so much for what the majority think?" (Plato 45) Socrates believes that we should not care what the majority thinks because those who are reasonable people will understand. However, Crito’s counter-argument to this is that the majority can cause great harm; therefore we should care what they think. Socrates further goes on to say the majority acts haphazardly; therefore, they cannot do great good or great harm (Plato 45). Crito says that "the opinion of the many" would judge us wrong if we didn't help you (and anyone in your position would agree that you ought to escape). Socrates notes that some opinion is right and some opinion is wrong. It is not simply a matter of mere opinion, but of correct opinion. The authority in this case is the actual truth of the matter. Socrates introduces a distinction between true opinion and false opinion. And the path to the latter is through argu ment and reason. By appealing to the opinion of "the many," Crito seems to be committing the Ad Populum Fallacy (i.e., something is right, true, etc., because the majority of the population says it is). Socrates seems to pose an open argument: the opinion of the many says that escaping from jail is right – but is it right? Socrates seems to believe that although the majority believes it is right for him to escape from jail he is going against what he believes to be true. Socrates believes that he has a tacit consent with the state by living in Athens for 70 years he has accepted their laws. Furthermore disagrees with retaliation and rejects Crito’s suggestion to flee to Thessaly he will be welcomed there and free to speak. Socrates seems to have adhered to the belief that if he was born and raised in this state and had children here he must have agreed with the ways in which the state operates; therefore, he cann... ...ur country to intervene and help countries less able. South Vietnam needed the support of the U.S.—especially when the North Vietnamese forces threatened them. 	Thus, in conclusion I believe that Socrates was correct to disregard the opinion of the majority. Socrates accepts his fate, for this reason alone he is not a coward. Socrates disagrees with retaliation and has faith in the government of Athens. Although Socrates may not agree with the decision of the assembly to put him to his death, he realizes that he was done wrongly by the assembly rather than the laws of Athens themselves. I believe Socrates feels this way because he has lived under the laws of Athens for 70 years and he has raised his children under the same principles. Socrates accepts the fact that being a member of society demands a certain respect and obedience. Without the rules and punishment system Athens would not be able to function properly. As Socrates decided to become a citizen of the state of Athens he also takes along with him the responsibility of being a citizen of that state. In following the more reasonable people I believe Socrates is merely followi ng the path in which the Gods intended.

History of Immigration †Movie Gangs of New York Essay

Although Martin Scorsese’s 2002 film â€Å"Gangs of New York† purports to be an historical film which recounts ethnic based gang rivalries in 1863 New York City, the film relies heavily on poetic-license, accentuating violence and a typical Hollywood â€Å"good versus evil† story-line, rather than delving into the historical specificities and realistic detail. While it is almost certainly true that Gangs captures the flavor and mythopoetic spirit of America’s ethnically diverse past and the violence and tensions which seethed during the American Civil, it is equally true that the historical themes with which Gangs deals are of a secondary nature to its main thrust: which is to produce a slick, and profitable film. So, while the movie deals with a tremendously important historical period in American history, the historical background â€Å"is incidental to Scorsese’s larger vision of reminding Americans of their violent past† 1 and, as such, the film’s viewpoints regarding immigration are abstraction from history and not representative of history itself. That said, the film’s portrayal of immigration is to show it as a bloody, tremendously difficult process, a sort of pressure-cooker where the amalgam of cultures clashed in a violent soup, which, itself produced a unity through an altogether new culture, an American culture, born through a traumatic and protracted birth-struggle. This vision is a romantic vision which simplifies the complex realities of the history of immigration in America in the nineteenth century. Scorsese, as mentioned, is not interested in depicting history, but to use the verisimilitude of history, the details and gritty realism of historical record, to paint a dramatically believable portrait of myth: a myth describing the birth of American culture in the fiery crucible of ethnic prejudice and competition. Historical detail is a device, not a theme: â€Å"while Gangs is accurate in detail, it is distorted and mistaken in its larger characterizations and interpretation. This should not be surprising: Gangs of New York is a moneymaking enterprise. † 2 If the film’s relevance to history is not one of accurate portrayal and realistic delving into the lives and events of the era depicted, then from where does its importance to history derive? The answer to that question lies in the fact that while â€Å"Gangs of New York† may play fast and loose with historical accuracy, while it may simplify the complex sociological realities of intercultural integration — or lack thereof — in America’s war-torn past, the film remains faithful to a central, thematic idea which is also a core-reality of American history: that a nation which is ethnically diverse but upholds individual liberty must in the end cast-away the ethnic and racial barriers and competitions of the â€Å"Old World† in order to actualize the opportunities of the future. That core-idea is a core-principal of American Democracy and it is a principle by which American history, including the American Civil War, has turned on as though upon an axis. The great value, historically speaking, of â€Å"Gangs of New York† is not in its depiction of history or its re-creation of historical events, but in the film’s vision of racism of cultural division and of American Democracy as a â€Å"melting pot† and also an ideal which transcends race or specific culture. The problem in the presentation of this vision is that the Hollywood â€Å"hero and villian† paradigm, along with a stock formula of violence and greed, results in a film which buries these important themes beneath a slick â€Å"whitewash† and this is: â€Å"a foolish simplification, a stereotype, and not the business of historians. Rather, the problem with Gangs is that it wants us to think that Irish gangsters were â€Å"good† by ignoring their racism while it wants to make us think others are â€Å"bad† because they are racist. â€Å" This kind of pretzel-logic may make for an interesting and immediately understandable film, but it does little to shed light on history or on the diffusion of cultural tensions in America. The film is conspicuously incompatible with a detailed or immersive reading of history. I do not personally belive that â€Å"Gangs of New York† accurately depicts the feelings of the people at the time or even the historical tensions themselves. Instead, the film â€Å"Without the veneer of historical righteousness[†¦ ] is just another Scorsese bloodbath among white men. With that in mind, there is merit in the film’s mythopoetic imaging of the emotional energy which explodes from America’s cultural diversity. Unfortunately, â€Å"Gangs of New York† fails to depict substantive and historically accurate characters who — if shown realistically — would be comprised of multi-faceted and perhaps contradictory impulses and beliefs. In conclusion, while Martin Scorsese’s â€Å"Gangs of New York† faithfully represents the formulaic, Hollywood notion of slick, effective commercial film-making, the film fails to faithfully represent the historical period from which is ostensibly draws its setting, theme, and characters. While immigration can and should be rightfully regarded as a part of America’s mythopoetic past and also its mythopoetic identity, the historical realities of immigration and the actual historical ramifications of the cultural pressure-cooker that helped to birth America are absent from â€Å"Gangs of New York. † In their place, broad generalization, ethnic stereotyping, epic contrasts of good and evil, and the classical arc of the hero-myth are used to both simplify and stylize an aspect of American history which is too nuanced and too complex to be accurately depicted through such an approach. It is possible that â€Å"Gangs of New York† will inform a significant portion of its audience with the flavor of an historical period they might have otherwise missed observing altogether. However, in all liklihood, those who are stimulated to study this time-period by Scorsese’s poetic vision, will find themselves startled, and perhaps confused, by the amount of drama and profound thematic issue which were left out of â€Å"Gangs of New York. â€Å"

An Analysis of the soundtrack from “The Girl Can’t Help It”

The Girl Can't Help It was released in 1956, and was directed, produced and mainly written by Frank Tashlin, who was formally a Looney Tunes auteur. The film is a classic Hollywood comedy, which broadcasts a musical line-up of mostly contemporary teen-favoured rock hits set against a narrative background of the popular music industry. The storyline follows the scenario of a backstage musical where an alcoholic press agent Tom Miller (Tom Ewell) is ordered by former mobster Fats Murdoch (Edmund O'Brien) to turn girlfriend Jerry Ann (Jayne Mansfield) into a pop music sensation. Tashlin uses the film music in such a way that it shows clear cartoon like traits; these will be explored in greater depth along with a look at the main characteristics that the soundtrack provides for the film. Anahid Kassabin suggests that most music in narrative film functions to create a mood (2001, p. 56). The film's musical references are made up of both composed and compiled scores; both donate to the mood of the scene. The composed score is non-diegetic and in this instance it does not compete or interfere with the spoken voices. Claudia Gorbman supplements this by suggesting there is ‘subordination' to a story. Subordination means ‘classic narrative sound' films are constructed in such a way that the spectator often does not consciously hear the film score. This is based on the idea that the spectators' attention is focused on the narrative events in the film. (1997, p. 31) However there is still a reason why composed scores are used. In this case they create an atmosphere which makes it easy for the audience to relax, it also guides them on what direction the mood of the film is going and also how they should be feeling. The compiled score operates quite differently; the music is diegetic and it mainly functions as an insight into rock ‘n' roll of the fifties. The mass of compiled music is one of the main attractions of the film and also acts as a narrative; this will be discussed in greater detail later. The music also identifies the film in terms of era and location with the presence of the band or singer in most musical compiled scenes. The film starts with one of the main characters (Tom Miller) in evening clothes appearing in the centre of a shrunken screen. The picture is in black and white with a composed score in the background, which stops as the narrator starts to speak. As the narrator tells the viewers that this is to be â€Å"a story about music,† the music begins again, â€Å"but first†, the narrator stresses â€Å"this was photographed in the grandeuer of Cinemascope†¦ † the narrator pauses, expecting the screen to expand, as he does, the music copies. He then sighs and takes it upon himself to flick the screen into widescreen, and the music ‘mickey-mouse's' his actions with sound effects. He then carries on his speech, as does the music, and he continues to say â€Å"†¦ n gorgeous lifelike colour by Delux. † The narrator and the music then pause, waiting as the screen turns to colour contrasts. Kassabian makes the conclusion that composers consider music as background to dialogue and should be kept simple, subtle, and soft. However she also argues it depends on the importance of the dialogue to the film. (2001, p. 55) In this opening narrative scene the composed music is imitating the speech of the narrator. Miller often pauses to stress fairytale technical difficulties, whilst consciously (but supposedly unknown to the audience) boasting their new technical advances. Hanns Eisler argues how film music was forced to serve as what he identified as ‘hyper-explicit' illustrative function, where two or more happenings such as image, music, sound effects, and dialogue may mimic each other. (Cited in Flinn, 1992, p. 34) Rudolf Arnheim has labelled this as â€Å"paralleling†. An extreme example of this is ‘mickey-mousing' a technique that, as the name suggests, appears frequently in animated films. (Cited in Flinn, 1992, p. 34) In this scene the classical music mimics the character as it would in a cartoon. The narrator continues to inform the audience that the picture is about contemporary music, expressing â€Å"the culture, the refinement, the polite grace and the present day†¦ † the camera pans to a lit jukebox as Little Richard's title song, â€Å"The Girl Can't Help It,† (1956) blares, drowning out his remarks. The opener praises and mocks new conventions in one brief sequence. Throughout the film, new versus vis-a-vis values, lifestyles and music are the sequence. The story begins with the ever present musical accompaniment and the heavy drinking agent, Tom Miller, who spends a lot of time in night spots listening to rock acts. He receives an invitation by Fats Murdock which he accepts. In order to elevate himself into newsworthiness, Fats wants Ewell to make his girlfriend into a star. Obtaining a $10,000 advance, Miller accepts Fats' challenge. He celebrates in another nightclub with a band blasting â€Å"Ain't Gona Cry No More. † Here the lyrics relate to the narrative of the film, the song has just conveyed in simple terms the emotions of Tom Miller. The music also interacts with other aspects of the scene as the band is also playing in the night club whilst Tom Miller dances along. This is one of the main musical features of the film, where the lyrics mimic what a character is feeling or doing. This is also shown in the next scene where diagetic music is used to accompany Jerry walking down a street. On her travels ice melts, milk bottles burst open and reading glasses split as Jerry walks by three men to the title song â€Å"The Girl Can't Help It†. Again cartoon behaviours appear in this scene. As the song â€Å"The Girl Can't Help It† appears in the title credits and later in the film, it is functioning as a kind of leitmotiv. Leitmotiv is a Wagnerian term where music refers to other musical events within a film and is memorable because the scene is structured to give a great deal of attention to the music. (Schroeder, 2003, p. 75) Theme songs are generally given a high degree of attention and often become attached to a film. This then creates audience connotations where a particular emotion or image becomes attached to a song. Identifying music often marks other features of a film. For instance, setting is often identified by quoted source music. Here the connotations of Jerry walking down the street are attached to this song as later in time it is used in the film â€Å"Pink Flamingos† (1972) where a transvestite is seen strutting down a street in the same way Jerry did. In the storyline, as a marketing ploy, Miller escorts Jerry on a nightclub crawl, displaying her to bistro managers. Little Richard is seen performing â€Å"Ready, Ready,† plus â€Å"She's Got It† where Jerry is strutting across the floor to get noticed by the manager. As Richard sings the lyrics â€Å"She's Got It† the camera cuts between Jerry and the reaction of the manager. The lyrics of â€Å"She's Got It† act as a narrative to the scene, also the manager mimics it in dialogue and says â€Å"she's got it all. † Throughout the night many musical acts are shown including The Three Chuckles, featuring Teddy Randazzo, performing â€Å"Lollipop Lies†; Eddie Fontaine performs â€Å"Rock Love†; and Abby Lincon sings the gospel tune â€Å"Spread the Word†. Kassabian stresses the drawbacks of using popular music in films and comments: â€Å"with their range of complete songs used just as they are heard on the radio, they bring the immediate threat of history. (Kasabian, 2001, p. 8-9) However in this particular film that is what was intended, the film acts as a type of historical document. Not many people of the Fifties got to see bands or singers so the cinema created a gateway for rock ‘n' roll music. Ernest Lindgren in The Art of the Film makes the point that â€Å"The use of well known music is†¦ distracting, and has the additional disadvantage that it often has certain associations for the spectator which may conflict entirely with the associations the producer wishes to establish the film. † (Cited in Flinn, 1992, p. 7) A certain level of distraction occurs in the film as one of the main reasons to see it was for the popular acts and when songs where cut short it left viewers wanting more. The dialogue, visuals and other elements are often scarce when such acts appear on screen, which makes it seem a deliberate ploy for attention to be on the music. The volume of the music is often lowered and the camera cuts to the characters when dialogue starts. The leitmotiv is used again in the film when Miller is in his apartment and he discovers a vision of Julie London (a former love) singing â€Å"Cry Me a River† (1953) which is about a lost love. Miller tries to escape her presence yet she appears wherever he goes but disappears as the music fades. This scene identifies he is in love with Julie London and again the music mimics the emotions of the character. Music used for identification does not always rule out the same music all together. Identifying music can convey or evoke all of the things mentioned in the definition of leitmotiv. The song â€Å"Cry Me a River† appears later in the film where Miller is looking for the hallucination of Julie London but instead sees Jerry. This conveys that the song not only has character recognition but the emotion of love also attached to it. The Girl Can't Help It presents teenage rock ‘n' roll in ‘adults only' venues. In a kind of variety show format, the rock ‘n' rollers are inserted into the narrative and given their one moment on screen. Interestingly, none of them are integrated into the plot. Stephen Heath, Ed Branigan, and Kristen Thompson have pointed out that in â€Å"historical enquiries on early cinema, color, and animated film, respectively, new technological developments in dominant cinematic representation do not contribute solely to greater â€Å"realistic effect. These inquiries suggest that it is the novelty of the technology that is celebrated for a while. † (Cited in Gorbman, 1997 p. 44) This is clearly the case in this film as many rock films in the Fifties put more emphasis on the use of popular bands to promote the film rather than the greatness of the plot. Kassabian suggests that there are uses of film music that link directly to other musical events. She calls this â€Å"quotation† which is the â€Å"importing of a song or musical text, in part or in whole, into a film's score. (2001, p. 49) David Shumway has suggested that the roots of these contemporary compiled scores can be found in early rock scores. (Cited in Kassabian, 2001, p. 49-50) In the mid 1950's teenagers' tastes in music were introduced as a separate segment of the mainstream, with rock ‘n' roll being the genre for that taste. The movie producer Samuel Z. Arkoff states â€Å"the oddity was that old people were afraid of rock ‘n' roll†¦ I don't know why but all adults thought that rock ‘n' roll was immoral. † (Coleman, 1997, p. 41) The Girl Can't Help It contributed to changing this, perhaps half of the featured performances such as Little Richard, Gene Vincent, Eddie Cochran and the Coasters are concessions to the teenage audience; the remainder Ray Anthony, Julie London, and Abby Lincoln are for the adults' tastes. The film premiered â€Å"attracting a large adult audience, the movie gave the much maligned rock ‘n' roll some respectability, though Films in Review it called it â€Å"a showcase for the leading purveyors of the jungle caterwauling known as rock ‘n' roll, and†¦ hereby a cultural debilitator our descendants won't forgive us for†Ã¢â‚¬  (Coleman, 1997, p. 141) The Girl Can't Help It showed that Hollywood was taking rock ‘n' roll seriously. In conclusion, the music was not only used to set the right ‘mood' using the composed score but to also set the scene with the compiled. Caryl Flinn suggests music reveals glimpses of a better, more unified world. It allows film to open doors to exotic locations and fantasy. It can also capture a sense of lost integrity and grandeur. 1992) As the film features mostly popular and jazz acts of the Forties and Fifties, Billboard reported on July 15 that the film â€Å"may lend an aura of rock ‘n' roll† to the movie. (Cited in Cloeman, 1997, p. 164) However the films reality is partly distorted from using such functions as ‘mickey-mousing' and ‘paralleling' yet the style of music does reflect the genre of the film. The storyline and music attracted both teenagers and adults by bringing adult themes and popular culture together, and portraying it in a way they could both enjoy. This was uncommon in the Fifties and Tashlin used Little Richard's music to â€Å"send up American attitudes towards sexuality and racism. † (White, 2003, p. 81) This film most probably would not have been a success without the rock ‘n' roll. Gorbman suggests that an argument runs that â€Å"sound, in the form of music, gave back to those â€Å"dead† photographic images some of the life they lost in the process of mechanical reproduction† (1997, p. 39) and in this case the film would be ‘dead' without the popular acts. Leonard B. Meyer argues â€Å"while the image itself is relevant to the music, the significance that it has for the particular individual is purely personal. (Cited in Kassabian, 2001, p. 56) Not only has the soundtrack shown clear musical technical advancements, but it also has a higher role to play in social advancements. It helps adults to understand the preferences of teenagers and offers a common ground between the two age groups. Rock ‘n' roll films also have a deeper meaning and start to touch on racial inequality by including black musicians as America's popular culture.

Free Essays on Teen Preg

Teen Pregnancy Adolescent pregnancy has long been a societal concern, but in the past decade, this issue has become one of the most frequently cited examples of the perceived societal decay in the United States. About 560,000 teenage girls give birth each year. Eight in ten of these births resulted from unintended pregnancies. (McCuen 16). Sorting out cause and effect would be easy if pregnant teens all lived in the same area with the same disadvantages or if these women chose to become mothers early in life. But such mothers are not randomly dotted across the social landscape. Increased rates of sexual activity, illegitimacy, and welfare receipt raise public concerns. Although the onset of pregnancy may occur in any teenager, some teens are at higher risk for unplanned pregnancy than others. Despite the recent decline in the teen birth rates, teen pregnancy remains a significant problem facing our nation. Social problems, a vast amount of emotional and psychological problems often contribute to teen pregnancy. Promiscuous is defined as careless, casual, or even aimless. Teens are being promiscuous more than ever before. Teenagers are participating in the new world of sexual freedom. Social behavior is no longer restricted to the higher class. Today, teens become sexually active not when they move out of the parental home and into a family of their own, but while they are still considered as children. Young women are just as likely as young men today to be sexually active before marriage. With more and more teens having casual sex, the risks of pregnancy goes up. They do not weigh their options and take into consideration the consequences of their behavior that could possibly change their entire life. They do not realize that it could happen to them. They only see it as something that happens to other people. They feel they are invincible. We should recognize that sexual behavior is a matter of c... Free Essays on Teen Preg Free Essays on Teen Preg Teen Pregnancy Adolescent pregnancy has long been a societal concern, but in the past decade, this issue has become one of the most frequently cited examples of the perceived societal decay in the United States. About 560,000 teenage girls give birth each year. Eight in ten of these births resulted from unintended pregnancies. (McCuen 16). Sorting out cause and effect would be easy if pregnant teens all lived in the same area with the same disadvantages or if these women chose to become mothers early in life. But such mothers are not randomly dotted across the social landscape. Increased rates of sexual activity, illegitimacy, and welfare receipt raise public concerns. Although the onset of pregnancy may occur in any teenager, some teens are at higher risk for unplanned pregnancy than others. Despite the recent decline in the teen birth rates, teen pregnancy remains a significant problem facing our nation. Social problems, a vast amount of emotional and psychological problems often contribute to teen pregnancy. Promiscuous is defined as careless, casual, or even aimless. Teens are being promiscuous more than ever before. Teenagers are participating in the new world of sexual freedom. Social behavior is no longer restricted to the higher class. Today, teens become sexually active not when they move out of the parental home and into a family of their own, but while they are still considered as children. Young women are just as likely as young men today to be sexually active before marriage. With more and more teens having casual sex, the risks of pregnancy goes up. They do not weigh their options and take into consideration the consequences of their behavior that could possibly change their entire life. They do not realize that it could happen to them. They only see it as something that happens to other people. They feel they are invincible. We should recognize that sexual behavior is a matter of c...

Definition and Examples of Titles in Composition

Definition and Examples of Titles in Composition - In composition, a title is a word or phrase given to a text (an essay, article, chapter, report, or other work) to identify the subject, attract the readers attention, and forecast the tone and substance of the writing to follow. A title may be followed by a colon and a subtitle, which usually amplifies or focuses the idea expressed in the title. Examples and Observations It is important to know the title before you begin- then you know what you are writing about. (Nadine Gordimer, quoted by D. J. R. Bruckner in A Writer Puts the Political Above the Personal. The New York Times, Jan. 1, 1991)The title comes afterwards, usually with considerable difficulty. . . . A working title often changes. (Heinrich Bà ¶ll, interview in The Paris Review, 1983) Catching the Readers Interest At the minimum, titles- like labels- should accurately indicate the contents in the package. In addition, however, good titles capture the readers interest with some catchy phrasing or imaginative language- something to make the reader want to buy the package. Barbara Kingsolver uses the title, High Tide in Tucson to catch our interest: What are tides doing in landlocked Tucson, Arizona? Samuel H. Scudders title is a good label (the essay is about looking at fish) and uses catchy phrasing: Take This Fish and Look at It. (Stephen Reid, The Prentice Hall Guide for College Writers, 2003) Tips for Creating Catchy Titles Titles catch the attention of readers and provide a clue to the papers content. If a title doesnt suggest itself in the writing of your paper, try one of these strategies: Use one strong short phrase from your paper Present a question that your paper answers State the answer to the question or issue your paper will explore Use a clear or catchy  image  from your paper Use a famous  quotation Write a one-word title (or a two-word title, a three-word-title, and so on) Begin your title with the word  On Begin your title with a  gerund  (-ing  word) (Toby Fulwiler and Alan R. Hayakawa, The Blair Handbook. Prentice Hall, 2003) Metaphorical Titles Is there a factor that above all others contributes to making a title intriguing and memorable? Ive studied the titles that have captured the public imagination during my lifetime. Add to The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, The Red Badge of Courage, and The Blackboard Jungle the following titles that almost everyone seems to like, and ask yourself what they have in common: Tender Is the NightA Moveable FeastThe Catcher in the RyeThe Grapes of Wrath All seven of these titles are metaphors. They put two things together that dont ordinarily go together. They are intriguing, resonant, and provide exercise for the readers imagination. (Sol Stein, Stein on Writing. St. Martins Griffin, 1995) Selling an Article or Book An effective title is to your article or book what a good preview of coming attractions is to a movie. It announces what your manuscript is about in such a way that it compels your reader to sit up and take notice. And if that reader is an editor who possibly will buy your material, an enticing title can open doors for you. (John McCollister, quoted by Jim Fisher in The Writers Quotebook: 500 Authors on Creativity, Craft, and the Writing Life. Rutgers University Press, 2006) Subtitles To the prospective reader, a subtitle is to a book what a carnival barker is to a midway: the step-right-up pitchman who peddles a mixture of awe, enlightenment and- no less important- bang for the buck. The marketing-savvy Galileo appended to his volume of heavenly observations, The Starry Messenger (1610), a prose banner that stretches nearly 70 words. In it, the Florentine astronomer promised readers great and very wonderful sights- the moon, sun and stars, literally- and even tossed in a paean to his Medici patron. Modern-day subtitles are generally shorter, yet they continue to tantalize us with invitations to learn the surprising secrets of Americas wealthy, tag along in one womans search for everything, or craft a life of well-being, wisdom and wonder. (Alan Hirshfeld, The Limit of Reason. The Wall Street Journal, May 3-4, 2014) Nick Hornby on the Lighter Side of Titles My advice to young writers: never begin a title with a preposition, because you will find that it is impossible to utter or to write any sentence pertaining to your creation without sounding as if you have an especially pitiable stutter. He wanted to talk to me about About a Boy. What about About a Boy? The thing about About a Boy . . . Are you excited about About a Boy? And so on. I wonder if Steinbeck and his publishers got sick of it? What do you think of Of Mice and Men? Ive just finished the first half of Of Mice and Men. Whats the publication date of Of Mice and Men? . . . Still, it seemed like a good idea at the time. (Nick Hornby, Songbook. McSweeneys, 2002) More on Composition Sentence Case  and  Title CaseWhich Words in a Title Should Be Capitalized?Lead

Major changes in family forms and structures that have taken place in Essay

Major changes in family forms and structures that have taken place in Australia since Federation - Essay Example Gilding (1995, p.8) contends that the family form is a ‘social ordering of kinship and co-residence’ that is politically asserted with the aim of attaching relations based on reliance and commitment but that the family members alter and modify that form to meet their own needs and demands. The historical definition proposed by sociologists and anthropologists was the ‘nuclear family’, which was thus considered as the norm to the extent by some that the construct was a universal ‘basic living unit’ (Baker, 2001, p.7). Today the term ‘nuclear family’ is still under contention, with some believing the ideal is a myth (Eichler, 1997, cited in Baker 2001) to which very few households have and do actually adhere; for others it is the norm but declining (Briggs, 1994; Gilding, 1995). Bittman & Pixley (1997) believe the fact that the nuclear family is declining at the rapid pace as proposed by government statistics and researchers, is itsel f a myth. While they agree there is a diversity of family units, they assert that the measurements are invalid because they are taken at a particular point in time and that people move via a succession of changes wherein they move in and out of a nuclear family structure. What is apparent however, despite the myth or reality of a nuclear family being the norm within Australian society, is that the family structure and form has changed and become more diverse, particularly over the last four decades, for a number of reasons. Since the post war period more Australians have been marrying later and divorcing earlier; marrying partners from different ethnicities; making choices on whether to have children, how many and when; living in de-facto relationships (cohabitating) with and without children, living within homosexual or lesbian partnerships, with or without children, and mixing their family roles (Briggs, 1994). It is quite common to find Australian children living in sole parent f amilies, step parent families, extended families, same-sex families and foster families (Saggers & Sims, 2004). This diversity has been a progressive process over the last century due to the changes in fertility patterns, with women giving birth to 6 children on average pre-Federation to the current day average of 2 children per woman; increasing lifespan resulting in an aging population and an increase in the number of divorces and people choosing not to marry (Bittman & Pixley, 1997). Family diversity in Australia can also be attributed partly to immigration resulting in cultural and ethnic diversity. Immigrants bring a plethora of different beliefs, ideals, behaviours and languages, together with their family structures and relationships, and the roles each member plays within those family forms. Cultural diversity also incorporates Australia’s indigenous people, who again bring their own family structures and values to the stage. Thus the Australian family now incorporate s those that are not only diverse in terms of size (single parent, nuclear or extended families); they are also diverse in terms of organisation (Saggers & Sims, 2004) and the way in which children are raised, how elderly parents are cared for, and they are diverse in expectations of gender. Social changes and

How does a transnational approach modify New Zealand's cultural Essay

How does a transnational approach modify New Zealand's cultural history is it useful Refer to at least 3 course thems - Essay Example The Waitangi treaty recognised the British Sovereignty in NZ and also offered protection to the interests of Maori’s in their traditional lands.The preamble of this treaty in Maori spotlights the creation of a government that would safeguard the interest of tribal community rangatiratanga. As per Brooking and Rebel (1995), NZs immigration policies customarily gave preference to European settlers especially from UK , Protestant Anglo-Celtic origins. NZ due to foreigner settlements , developed a new culture that materialized over centuries of relative separation, leaving from pacific cultures and adopting into the social cultures of hapu, whanau and iwi. This research essay will discuss about the culture , media , the urban society , the missionary and literary that prevailed in New Zealand in 1950 and will analyse how transnational culture has impacted the NZs culture . Culture Cross breed between Maori and Europeans were known as Pakeha. The signing of Treaty of Waitangi can b e regarded as the founding stone of modern citizenship. The NZ was transformed into a major agricultural producer for UK due to the ingress of Pacific citizens in the late 1950s. Later , settlers from Asia also ingressed into NZ1. Maori pre-European culture was oral and footed upon small independent sub-tribes residing in harbours ,valleys , ridges and sculpted hills. Armed conflict stories are much available in the Maori tribal history.Both polygamy and cannibalism were the common features of Maori culture. Tools were made from stones which was known as pounamu and tuhua. For weaving and other purposes , flax was employed. Initial trade in these products was in the barter system. Natural resources like sea, forest and waterways were regarded as sacred and exploitation of these natural resources were under strict supervision namely tapu (holiness),and manna carried over by tohunga.(priests)2. Edward Ned Kelly was the leader of the Kelly Gang.Nel Kelly story was very popular in New Z ealand through the ballads , folklore which praised the bush proscribers as the compelling character of freedom fighters and confrontation to the British authorities in NZ. In the 19th century , bushrangers were regarded as outlaws who frightened the bush country in NZ and Australia. The kelly gang was considered to the last generation of bushrangers in NZ3. â€Å"Cinemas, TVs & Radios† As per Department of Statistics (1975), there were about 600 cinema houses and 36.4 million cinema visitors in NZ in 1950.In 1950s, cinema admission rates were 2 shillings and 10 pence whereas today it is around 9.06 dollars4. Government owned TV New Zealand channels namely TV One and TV2 is free –to-air channels whereas Australian –owned TV 3 and its music channel is in operation in NZ. Some appealing foreign films and documentaries along with Maori subtitle and locally produced programs in Maori are being telecasted through Maori TV channel in NZ. In 1950, Kiwis paid an annual licence fee of more than ? 1 to the post office as the fee for such service as radio was under the state control then. Radio Sport is very active in sports news and commentaries. Radio New Zealand broadcasts current news and cultural programms and is available all through NZ. Local gigs are being broadcasted by the bNet, the student managed radio station,and new alternative music is being broadcasted by the Auckland’s 95Bfm. Tribal radio station namely Waikato’s Radio Tainui which has the country-wide network in NZ. Further , there are other players

Business Ethics case-Nike Sweatshops Case Study

Business Ethics -Nike Sweatshops - Case Study Example The labor unions of such countries were also said to gain significant influence. Countries such as Vietnam, China, and Indonesia were considered to offer cheaper labor to the company Nike, Inc. and also prohibited labor unions. But when the workers of these countries demanded additional benefits and rights, the company closed all its factories in such countries and moved to other countries to continue its operations at a lower cost. The company Nike, Inc. was highly criticized throughout the 1990s for selling such goods which were considered to be manufactured in sweatshops. In the year 1991, an activist named Jeff Ballinger published a report which highlighted the poor working conditions and low wages in the country of Indonesia (Esbenshade, 2004). He published an article which stated that an Indonesian worker was considered to work for the company’s subcontractor for only 14 cents an hour which was considered to be less than the minimum wages that was prescribed in Indonesia . Numerous disturbing stories were said to come from the factories of the company Nike, Inc. throughout the world. The major issues were considered to be forced overtime, child labor, and wages which were considered to be well below the poverty line. There were also other issues such as poor air quality, exposure to chemicals considered as dangerous and physical abuse from the overseers of factory. It was considered that groups such as Global Exchange, Education for Justice, and students who were considered to be against sweatshop labor were mainly considered to lead the efforts against the company Nike, Inc. in this regard. Team Sweat was established with the main objective of tracking the protests that were considered to be made against the organization. It is considered as an international coalition of workers, investors, and consumers to put an end to the injustices that were considered to be in the sweatshops of the organization Nike, Inc. around the world. Jim Keady

Estimation With Cost Significant Elements In Malaysia Construction Essay

Estimation With Cost Significant Elements In Malaysia Construction Essay The construction estimation is an important content of the feasibility study of the projects. The accuracy of the cost estimation directly affects the decision of project, scale of construction, design scheme and economic effects, and affects the proceeding of projects. It is significant for the management and control of the project estimation to process the estimated practically, speedily, and exactly. Construction cost is an important element that should be monitored at different phases of the process of a building construction. It is also a factual process designed to give a reliable estimation or prediction of its financial cost. Cost estimating is a fundamental activity which combines a mechanical process and a subjective expertise undertaken to assess and predict the total cost to execute the construction works. It consists of an application with an appropriate method to estimate and to measure the final quantities of the building. The purpose of construction cost estimation is to provide information for constructors which include areas in the procurement and pricing of construction, establishing contractual amount of payment, and quantity control. Cost models serve a variety of purposes. It can be defined as the symbolic representation for a system, expressing the content of that system in terms of the factors which influence its costs (1). It is a procedure developed to reflect, by means of derived processes, adequately acceptable output for an established series of input data (2). Besides that, techniques used in the cost modeling can also forecast the estimated cost of a proposed construction project (3). Therefore, every method, technique or procedure used by quantity surveyors for cost estimation or cost forecast may be termed as cost models. All procurement systems require a contractor to predict the cost of a project, and to determine a price for the work within the constraints of time and to maintain the required quality without compromising to the wellbeing of other projects. In the traditional procurement system, Bill of Quantities (BQ) is an essential part of tender document that lists all the items of work to be co mpleted in a project which is to provide a mean of comparing bids from several contractors on a like for like basis. Since BQ has become an important tool for project costing and tendering it is also a document for architects and other consultants to have a sense of control on their projects in term of cost and finance. Today BQ are also used for cost planning, projected cash flows and budget, for valuation of interim payments and variation orders, and for settlement of final account. The objective of this paper is to present a formal method, the Cost Significant Element (CSE) method to accelerate the tendering process in the construction industry. The CSE has existed in the industry for a long time and has been used by many project stakeholders to deliver the project and to meet the specified targets and objectives set by the clients. Previous Studies The construction projects in Malaysia are getting more complicated and their scales are getting larger as the industrial development directly affects the construction sector. Hence it is getting more difficult to complete the projects within quality standards, budgeted cost limits and on time. Most of the time, decisions to be taken may be delayed due to the risk and uncertainties met by managers during the construction process and as a result some difficulties are arisen. One of these difficulties is caused by the lack of cost data whenever needed and in demanded quality. Therefore, the budgeted cost limits are often exceeded. However, it is well-known fact that the earlier cost planning is started on resulting in the more suitable outcome are obtained. In construction industry, Cost significant Element (CSE) method is a way to build up a simple cost estimate model by using historical bills of quantities (BQ) which the document that states how much is to be spent on each functional element of a proposed building in relation to a defined standard of space and quality. It is also an organized breakdown of cost data into the standard elements of a building. CSE facilitate the comparison between projects and the development of recording cost data for future cost planning in a simple way. It is important to identify the cost significant item in the research on CSE method. A research project has been carried out in Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Architecture intending to estimate most probable building cost in the early stage of the construction process taking the advantage of recent developments in the information and communication technology (ICT) [Orhon, 1996], [Tas and Yaman, 2002]. The main objectives of this research were collecting building construction cost data, processing data and transforming it into building cost information, storing and retrieving the cost data and information, connecting private and public sector data as well as information through a database, saving time and minimizing mistakes, by avoiding reproduction of the information that has already been stored somewhere in the sector. BQ is the traditional method that is commonly used by construction companies to predict the cost of a project in the detailed design phase and throughout the construction period. It will usually result in similar significant items being identified across different bills, but with each item having a minor difference. In order to overcome this problem, once the identification of cost of the elements, quantity or resource significant items is completed, the BQ items are aggregated into significant work elements. Whereas, it is one of the most important components of the tender documents along with technical drawings, specifications, conditions of contract, etc. Once a project is defined in detail, every item of work needed to complete the project is listed and priced by estimators. BQ for building work is counterproductive and leads to ambiguities and differences in interpretation, creating a potential for dispute. An acceptable level of simplification can be achieved through the aggreg ation of work items, presently required to be measured separately (Edwards and Edwards, 1995). The process of developing cost significant models has tended to consists of several steps. These include finding the cost significant items, grouping similar items together, and calculating a cost significant factor. The cost significant items to be identify in a project uses a technique proposed by Shereef (1981) where items are considered as significant when their value is higher than, or equal to, the mean bill value. Other than that, research at the University of Dundee has consistently shown that BQ analyses using this technique are successful in identifying the 20% of significant items that constitute 80% of the cost (Horner and Zakieh, 1993). However, it has long been recognized that in the value of the research work identified in the second stage of this process will not associate to the full cost of the trade. In Paretoà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s principle (commonly called 80:20 rule), when 80:20 rule is utilized the assumption is made that the 20 per cent of items are contributing 80 per cent of the value, and consequently the cost of the work packages identified in stage two equate to only approximately 80 per cent of the total cost of the trade. A model factor has to be applied to the total value of the work elements to determine the cost of the trade as a whole, to include a value for the 80 per cent of items not costed during this process. This factor is termed the cost model factor and is calculated by establishing the average proportion of the total cost of a trade that is accounted for by the significant work elements. The total cost of a trade can then be established by dividing the total cost of the si gnificant work elements by the cost model factor (Munns and Al-Haimus). Research Methodology In order to achieve the objectives of the study, there are two approaches to be carried out in this research. Firstly, primary data collected from a number of the construction companies in Johor Bahru area of Malaysia. Primary data are those data observed or collected directly from first-hand experience. It shows the advantage towards the accuracy of data since the specific information has been collected by the person who is doing the research. Twenty-five high cost double storey terrace housing projects historical BQ were collected in the data analysis. In this particular research is to develop a building cost estimation model based on cost significant work elements. Several important steps came to establish this model. These were including finding the cost significant work items in BQ, grouping similar work items together to select work packages, and calculating a cost significant value factor (CSVF). Cost significant element models rely on the well documented finding that 80 per cent of a billà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s value is contained within the 20 per cent of the items which are most expensive (Barnes 1971; Skinner 1981; Ashworth Skitmore 1983; PSA 1987). Projects which have similar features, the cost significant items are roughly the same. This model has covered the criteria that need to be considered and getting the result to prove the 20:80 rules in the estimating practice. In developing the model, literature reviews are adopted as secondary sources, and as such, it does not report any new or original experimental work. Cost-significant items can be grouped together, using a variety of techniques, into a smaller number of cost-significant element work packages, which within any given category of project consistently represent a fixed proportion of the total cost, usually close to 80 per cent. The total value of the project can then be calculated simply by multiplying the total price of the cost-significant work packages by an appropriate factor. The value of the factor varies slightly that to determine from an analysis of historical data (Poh, P.S.H. Horner, R.M.W.). Accuracy of the result in this model can be varied by coarsening or refining to match the quality of data available at each stage in the projectà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s life when calculating of the cost significant model factor.

Great Teachers and Educational Leadership Qualities -Parent Student Rel

Great teachers & educational Leadership qualities: motivation, school discipline & teaching skills of teacher late Orhan Seyfi Ari A truly great teacher with his teaching and educational leadership can inspire even education reforms. The globally popular teaching skills and educational leadership qualities make great teachers. How do a truly great teachers' teaching inspire pupils and students? His behaviour management in school discipline is empathic. His teaching skills are with educational leadership qualities. In teacher student relations great teachers motivate. In parent teacher meetings great educators help. Truly great teachers can make educational history with education reforms, social history, enable social pride... 'His students made the state and the nation proud' (On a great educator's, the late, Orhan Seyfi Ari's passing away -Atun, Leader of Parliament TRNC 1992) How do great teachers do that? What made Orhan Ari a great teacher? This educator's exceptional teaching skills and educational leadership qualities made him one of the great teachers. Orhan Ari's teaching skills and educational leadership qualities were so great, writers and poets hailed him, people named streets after him. What were these major globally popular teaching skills and educational leadership qualities that made him a great teacher? Orhan Ari's teaching skills and educational leadership qualities in education related dealings kept parents, colleague teachers, students properly happy. This great teacher's teaching skills and educational leadership were enhanced by his wit and honesty. His sincere concern and help enabled educational reforms -made him a truly great teacher who continues to socio-culturally inspire. ... ...ife' -Nicholas press, London 2002) Truly great teachers' globally popular educational leadership qualities and teaching skills can make educational history. This great teacher's educational leadership qualities enabled education reforms -made him popular within and without his community. In retirement from teaching he was invited to visit and inspect schools overseas, when this great teacher passed away, retired from teaching years before, at his funeral with his former students and pupils school children carried flowers. Great teachers are remembered. Great teachers' popularity lasts. With teacher and teaching awards, in an unfinished monograph, this great teacher, Orhan Seyfi Ari, saw as greatest reward... 'My spiritual reward.. my beloved 'children', my pupils, have achieved success... The feeling of having been loved by them as I have loved them.'

Lydia Peelle †Mule Killers Essay

In this short story â€Å"Mule Killers† by Lydia Peele we meet three generations of a family, grandfather, father and son as well as the different women in the story. The story is told in present time by the son as a first person narrator, but almost everything in the story is a flashback of the father’s story about his youth. The story is constructed in parts; you get introduced to the lives of the father and the grandfather with no introduction of what has happened before, and then, the story jumps to the end in the present, without letting the reader know what has happened in between and what will probably happen after the story ends. The story takes place on a farm on the countryside near Nashville in the Southeast of United States. Though the story, you get an impression of an isolated society where the church is central and people has got quiet and ordinary lives while they work hard to make a living from their farms. The language in â€Å"Mule Killers† is observing, which we can see in the description of Eula: â€Å"(†¦)her hair swept up off her neck, thick purple-black and shining, the other girl’s hanging limply down, onion paper pale(†¦)† In the story we hear the father tell the son about the events that changed their lives: how he met the mother of his son and also had to give up on his dreams of love and how the lovestory of what should have been innocent turned out to be the thing that shaped his future. The tragic love story represents the way the farmland was changed in the future. Firstly, the shift from mules to tractors in the farming symbolises several things. For the grandfather, the shift to tractors and the following accident marks a new time that he does not accept and he does not take him. This we get an example of in this line: â€Å"you’re gonna see a future I can’t even stretch my mind around. Not any of it. I can’t even begin to imagine. † For the father, the loss of his mule Orphan, which was one of the things that he really cared about represents the end of his childhood. The mules is a symbol of the future and the killing of them is a bad sign for the future and also is the point of no return in this short story. The shift from child to grown-up is the main theme in this story, but also the fathers struggle to live up to his fathers ideals of what a man is, is an important aspect in the story. In his trying to be and act like a grown-up he supresses his fears and his sadness and also the things he love: music and the mules. So it’s like he cannot cultivate these interests any longer. Another important theme in the short story is time. During the story you get a feeling of time passing by. The father goes from being a young man to having a son, who is twice as old as the father was when the son was born, the farming changes and goes from using mulls to tractors.

Store and Recover Information About Object Using Binary Serialization in C#

Report Store and Recover Information about Object Using Binary Serialization in C# What is Binary Serialization: Serialization is the process taking an object and converting it to a format which can be transported through net work or store into a storage medium, the storage medium could be file, database, or memory. The . NET Framework provides two types of serialization, XML serialization and Binary serialization. There are also three formats provided by the Microsoft . NET framework to which objects can be serialized. The formats are binary, SOAP, and XML.Binary serialization can either the binary or the SOAP formatter, are suitable for storing object Information in . NET applications, and you don’t need share the information with non-. NET programs. When I mention Binary serialization below I mean â€Å"Binary serialization† using binary formatter, as short expression. Why use Binary Serialization: The binary serialization working chart is: [pic] The chart also can p resent the other two format of serialization. so why we use Binary serialization instead of use the other two? What the advantage and disadvantage of binary serialization?The binary serialization is the most compact and light of the three formats and it is the fastest one of the three formats. Also the binary serialization can serialize all the state of the object, including type information. Therefore when the object is deserialized, you get an accurate and fully functional copy of the original, which xml will not It ignores private member fields and properties. The main limitation of using binary serialization is that binary serialization depends on platform, while XML and SOAP do not adhere to that limitation.Therefore only when all your applications which use serialization are . net framework applications, you can use binary serialization, otherwise uses other two formats instead. Using Binary Serialization in C#: The code to using Binary serialize is very simple. The step is: 1 ) create an instance of an BinaryFormatter class (using the interface iForamatter) 2) pass it an object and an open stream 3) iFormatter. Serialize methodwrites the object's state to the stream. Below I will show a very simple code to serialize an object call aPerson to a file.To make a class serializable we must mark it with the serializable attribute at before the class code The code is: [Serializable] public class Person then we need 2 namespaces for using serialization in our application: using System. Runtime. Serialization. Formatters. Binary; using System. Runtime. Serialization; then use the code below to Serialize: //create an instance of an BinaryFormatter class(IFormatter is a interface) IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); //create a stream Stream stream = new FileStream(â€Å"filename†, FileMode. Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare. None); //pass stream and object to the stream formatter. Serialize method for doing Serialization formatter. Serialize(stre am, aPerson); //finished close the stream stream. Close(); The deserialize just as simple as serialize, the code are: IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); Stream stream = new FileStream(â€Å"MyFile. dat†, FileMode. Open, FileAccess. Read, FileShare. Read); Person clone = (Person) formatter. Deserialize(stream); stream. Close(); Some Important not for Serialization: ? the constructors are not called when an object is deserialized. the Serializable attribute cannot be inherited. ? there are some Security issues of serialization you can visit The Security and Serialization (http://msdn. microsoft. com/library/? url=/library/en-us/cpguide/html/cpconsecurityserialization. asp)topic in the Framework Documentation further reading: This report just explains the very basic idea of Binary serialization for further study the following links will help. Serializing Objects: http://msdn. microsoft. com/library/default. asp? url=/library/en-us/cpguide/html/cpovrSerializingObjects. sp C# Object Serialization by Budi Kurniawan http://www. ondotnet. com/pub/a/dotnet/2002/08/26/serialization. html References: Serializing Objects: http://msdn. microsoft. com/library/default. asp? url=/library/en-us/cpguide/html/cpovrSerializingObjects. asp http://www. c-sharpcorner. com/Language/serializingObjectsinCS. asp ———————– Deserialization Binary Serialization network Deserialization Binary Serialization Copy of Your Object A File, Database or memory Storage medium Another Application Your object Your Application